UPSC 2020 Exam - NEWS Analysis 2
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Sex Ratio Improves in Country
According to the Central Bureau of Health Intelligence's (CBHI) National Health Profile 2019, the sex ratio (number of females per 1000 males) in India has improved from 933 in 2001 to 943 in 2011. The sex ratio in rural areas has increased to 949.
The report of NHP also revealed that the birth rate, death rate, and natural growth rate are declining. According to the report, Kerala has the highest sex ratio (1084) in respect of the total population, rural population (1078) and urban population (1091).
Chandigarh has the lowest sex ratio in rural areas (690). The estimated birth rate has declined from 25.8 in 2000 to 20.4 in 2016 while the death rate has reduced from 8.5 to 6.4 per 1,000 population over the same period. The natural growth rate has reduced from 17.3 in 2000 to 14 in 2016.
The total fertility rate (number of children born to a woman during her childbearing years) in 12 States has fallen below two children per woman and nine States have reached replacement levels of 2.1 and above. Delhi, Tamil Nadu and West Bengal have recorded the lowest fertility rates in India.